Ecotourism
Malpelo, has become a pretty big tourist attraction for divers from around the world who visit this site frequently and almost continuously for the high biodiversity found in the underwater world of this island.
Requirements for divers
Minimum age: 18 years of age.
It requires a qualified instructor or Divermaster for every 8 divers.
Pito "Dive Alert."
Rescue buoy or "salami".
Diving Suit, wetsuit is recommended at least 3 mm
Dive computers.
Each diver must have a certificate of advanced diver with a minimum of 20 dives recorded in logs.
lunes, 26 de octubre de 2009
Wildlife
Nazca booby.
Gull of the Galapagos.
Whale shark. [Edit] Vegetation and flora
The land and underwater vegetation is sparse. On the exposed surfaces of the island and islets mainly grow microalgae, lichens and mosses. Only a few patches of grass and a fern creeping higher up the vegetation. Under water and intertidal areas around the island grow some seaweed. The droppings produced by the thousands of seabirds to the system are the main source of nutrients for vegetation.
Fauna
Malpelo has four endemic species: the land crab (Gecarcinus malpilensis), Malpelo lizard (Anolis agassizi), the dotted lizard (Diploglossus millepunctatus) and gecko (Phyllodactylus transversalis).
In Malpelo, is the colony of nesting seabirds Colombia's largest, with a total population of around 80,000 people. Have been reported about 60 species of birds such as the Nazca booby (Sula granti), the masked booby, the red-footed booby, the common buzzards and black, the snow-white tern (Laughing Gull), the frigate frigate bird (Fregata magnificens) and the gull in the Galapagos (Swallow-tailed Gull).
As for marine life found 17 species of coral, some 130 of molluscs, crustaceans 267 fish and 395, among which stand out Acanthemblemania stephensi, Chriolepsis lepidotus, Halichoeres Axoclinus rubifoni malpelo and, being endemic.
You can see large concentrations of sharks, including hammerheads (Great hammerhead) and whale (Whale shark) and a group of sharks from the depths (Odontaspis ferox). Also found starfish, reef fish and coral rock, and marine mammals.
Nazca booby.
Gull of the Galapagos.
Whale shark. [Edit] Vegetation and flora
The land and underwater vegetation is sparse. On the exposed surfaces of the island and islets mainly grow microalgae, lichens and mosses. Only a few patches of grass and a fern creeping higher up the vegetation. Under water and intertidal areas around the island grow some seaweed. The droppings produced by the thousands of seabirds to the system are the main source of nutrients for vegetation.
Fauna
Malpelo has four endemic species: the land crab (Gecarcinus malpilensis), Malpelo lizard (Anolis agassizi), the dotted lizard (Diploglossus millepunctatus) and gecko (Phyllodactylus transversalis).
In Malpelo, is the colony of nesting seabirds Colombia's largest, with a total population of around 80,000 people. Have been reported about 60 species of birds such as the Nazca booby (Sula granti), the masked booby, the red-footed booby, the common buzzards and black, the snow-white tern (Laughing Gull), the frigate frigate bird (Fregata magnificens) and the gull in the Galapagos (Swallow-tailed Gull).
As for marine life found 17 species of coral, some 130 of molluscs, crustaceans 267 fish and 395, among which stand out Acanthemblemania stephensi, Chriolepsis lepidotus, Halichoeres Axoclinus rubifoni malpelo and, being endemic.
You can see large concentrations of sharks, including hammerheads (Great hammerhead) and whale (Whale shark) and a group of sharks from the depths (Odontaspis ferox). Also found starfish, reef fish and coral rock, and marine mammals.
miércoles, 21 de octubre de 2009
Fauna and Flora Sanctuary of Malpelo1 UNESCO
World Heritage Latin America region2 Caribbean INSCRIPCIN Year 2006 (XXX Sesin) Est 1 Name as inscribed on the List of World Heritage Sites.
2 Clasificacin according to Unesco In 1995 the Government of Colombia declared Malpelo as a protected area in the categories of Wild Fauna and Flora Sanctuary (SFF), and in 2002 was recognized as Particularly Sensitive Sea Area "to the Martima organization (IMO), in That year, the protected area was expanded and realinderada. On 12 July 2006, Malpelo Island was declared a World Heritage Site by the 21 member countries of UNESCO, meeting in Vilnius, Lithuania.
Temperature: the waters are generally warm, with a surface temperature between 26 and 27 C, although local effects of Ensenada de Panam, as water from upwelling, may have values up to 18 C, especially in the early months of ao. You access: from Buenaventura (Valle del Cauca), the trip lasts from 30 to 36 h, approximately).
Communities present in the area
In Malpelo no human settlements and so far all indications are that there never were. On the island there is only a military detachment of the Army of the Republic of Colombia since 1986, and the buildings and the surrounding area does not exceed 7% of its surface. Thanks to the geographical position of this island and the distance that separates the continent, Colombia has economic rights on a much larger territorial sea and certain rights over Antarctica, according to the Theory of Defrontación.
In Malpelo no human settlements and so far all indications are that there never were. On the island there is only a military detachment of the Army of the Republic of Colombia since 1986, and the buildings and the surrounding area does not exceed 7% of its surface. Thanks to the geographical position of this island and the distance that separates the continent, Colombia has economic rights on a much larger territorial sea and certain rights over Antarctica, according to the Theory of Defrontación.
A 506 kilometros al oeste del puerto de Buenaventura se encuentra uno de los lugares más impresionantes, bellos y diversos del Océano Pacífico es la isla de Malpelo, una roca de 376 metros de altura y 3,5 kilómetros cuadrados. Emerge de las profundidades del Pacífico, acompañados por un conjunto de once rocas que sobresalen 10 metros sobre la superficie del mar, que sólo se puede llegar por barco desde Buenaventura. Tenga en cuenta que el acceso está permitido únicamente a las personas que están en plan de buceo profesional. Microfauna de Malpelo producto de su aislamiento geográfico hace que esta isla un laboratorio natural para el estudio de la evolución de las especies. La isla está rodeada por 10 islas, repartidas en una superficie de 2,5 km, formando una unidad que se encuentra actualmente protegida como Santuario de Vida Silvestre. Numerosas expediciones científicas en todo el mundo han visitado Malpelo durante los últimos cien años. La más importante hasta ahora ha sido llevado a cabo por los miembros del prestigioso Instituto Smithsonian de Estados Unidos en 1972. En la isla viven algunas especies de cangrejo de tierra. Entre las aves están las anguilas de arena y fragatas, y entre los tiburones martillo, peces, el tiburón ballena espectacular que puede crecer hasta 15 metros de largo, el número y el pez diablo. Abundan los bancos de atunes, jureles, pargos, meros, meros. El guano de aves de producción es importante en la cadena alimenticia de los animales terrestres y peces de Malpelo y sus islotes. El lecho marino es rico en corales, haciendo de este conjunto de islas en un paraíso para los amantes del buceo. "Es como un milagro esta virginidad de la conservación de Malpelo. Hasta ahora ha sido la isla de la geografía colombiana. La ausencia de los hombres ha llevado a la no presencia de los misiles en tierra, tan árida y triste, no era atractivo para los cazadores. Malpelo, en el convergen los vientos alisios en el hemisferio norte con el hemisferio sur, la llamada zona de convergencia tropical. En la isla, se condensa la humedad del aire y la mayoría del tiempo está cubierta por una densa niebla. Son frecuentes lluvias, excepto de diciembre a marzo, período relativamente seco. La ubicación de la isla, la acción de las corrientes y la relativa proximidad a otras islas del océano Pacífico, lo convierten en un área de gran interés para la comprensión de la posibilidad de dispersión de especies marinas. Microfauna de Malpelo producto de su aislamiento geográfico, hace de esta isla un laboratorio natural para estudiar la evolución de las especies. Alrededor de Malpelo emergen una serie de rocas, que se concentra en dos grupos principales de rocas se denominan Norte y del Sur Rocks. Hacia el sur oriente está el Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona. En el continente, Malpelo tiene el punto más cercano a Buenaventura. El Santuario es la parte más occidental de Colombia en el Pacífico, se puso de manifiesto en la cresta de una cordillera submarina de 4.000 metros de profundidad, la Dorsal de Malpelo. Es un archipiélago rocoso que consiste en Isla de Malpelo y diez piedras dispuestas aisladas al norte y al sur de la isla en una longitud de eje de 2,5 km. Las características del medio marino están fuertemente influenciadas por los patrones de las corrientes que atraviesan la zona. La región de Malpelo es una confluencia de varias y la bahía de Panamá, que sin duda ha influido en la composición de su patrimonio natural especial. La ubicación de la isla, la acción de las corrientes y la relativa proximidad a otras islas del océano Pacífico, lo convierten en un área de gran interés para la comprensión de la posibilidad de dispersión de especies marinas. Alberga las formaciones de coral más importante del Pacífico colombiano, con muchos animales marinos asociados, tales como estrellas de mar (dos endémicas), peces ángel, morenas, manta rayas, tiburones ballena y escuelas de tiburones martillo. La naturaleza volcánica del archipiélago y algunos de la erosión ha creado un espectacular paisaje submarino. Es lugar de anidación de aves marinas, como dos especies de piqueros, las tijeretas de mar, y el pico rojo tropical, y es visitada por doce especies. Entre los organismos terrestres están endémica de cangrejo y tres especies de lagartos (dos lagartos y Gecko), dos de ellos probablemente endémicas. En la isla crecen helechos, algas y líquenes, gracias a la posición geográfica de esta isla y la distancia que separa el continente, Colombia tiene derechos económicos sobre un mar territorial mucho más grande y de determinados derechos sobre la Antártida. En los ejercicios de la Marina de Guerra presencia de Malpelo y la soberanía. volar de verdad con el orgullo nacional tricolor en estos waterGorgona hermosa y paradisíaca isla está situada en el Océano Pacífico colombiano. Situado en el borde de la plataforma continental, rica en corales en el este y el borde de los fondos oceánicos profundos hacia el oeste. Esta característica geomorfológica da un estatus especial para el desarrollo de sus biomas, ecosistemas y la combinación de la superficie de los arrecifes de coral, con el mar profundo. Pero su riqueza no sólo se encuentran en el agua también es rico en características de las especies terrestres de este bosque tropical húmedo, que resultan ser endémicas de aislamiento curiosos, como el lagarto azul, la rata espinosa - especie de puercoespín - y algunos murciélagos propios del lugar. También es hábitat para muchas especies de serpientes, que puede ser conocido y estudiado la ciencia en la sede del parque. Al norte de la isla de 24 km. cuadrados, en una zona escarpada llamada El Horno, anidan variadas especies de aves migratorias y al este, sus tranquilas playas blancas son visitadas por delfines, tortugas, marsopas y ballenas jorobadas, que llegan a sus cálidas aguas para aparearse o dar a luz a sus ballenas entre los meses de agosto y octubre, proporcionando un observatorio científico y natural de esta especie curiosa. Desde 1959, la Gorgona era una prisión temible, que, paradójicamente, mantuvo su población carcelaria, en medio de este paraíso natural para el almacenamiento de grandes grupos de tiburones en estas aguas. Usted puede visitar las antiguas instalaciones de la cárcel, aunque casi totalmente desmontable, que muestran el tipo de vida que podría traer penal, así como testimonio algunas pintadas en sus paredes. La isla de la prisión se le dio a las autoridades ambientales y en 1985 recibió la declaración de parque natural nacional, conocida por sus grandes cualidades de la flora y la fauna fijado para este plan de gestión de la unidad y la conservación. Entre sus atractivos culturales con los Payan House, la sede científica de la isla y antiguo edificio que celebraron su propiedad de la familia desde la época de la independencia. Hoy en día el parque ofrece una infraestructura sencilla que consiste en un centro de visitantes con capacidad para sesenta personas, comedor, oficina y sala de conferencias de comunicación orientadas a las conversaciones funcionarios del sistema de eco-parque y los científicos biólogos y ecologistas. El parque comprende la isla principal con una altura máxima de 330 m en el Cerro La Trinidad, la isla Gorgonilla, que es más pequeño, con alturas de hasta 90 m densamente habitadas por pelícanos, tijeretas y algunas islas, como La Viuda, la presencia de roca que lleva su nombre desde el terremoto de 1980 que se hundió a otras formaciones de roca similar que le acompañaba. La playa Yundigua (Pizarro) es un escenario excelente para el buceo entre las especies de coral que muestra curiosa y variada de los pólipos, y de peces que hacen que un acuario natural real. Las fuentes de agua dulce para muchos otros, son un verdadero privilegio para el visitante, ya que al menos veinticinco corrientes puras y cristalinas aguas por todas partes en medio de la selva y descubrieron que no eran como en tierra. Para llegar a la isla de Gorgona es necesario embarcarse en Buenaventura, el primer puerto en la costa del Pacífico de Colombia, en un viaje de diez horas en los buques de cabotaje, el cruce y el punto final como Timbiquí Mulatos, se alcanza después de navegar a lo largo de 55 millas de la línea de costa. También se puede llegar en lancha desde Buenaventura a cuatro horas de distancia, o desde el puerto de Guapi, tres horas de viaje. Para visitar el parque debe tener el permiso de la Unidad Administrativa de Parques Nacionales del Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial, transformados a base de Bogotá o de Cali, cerca de Buenaventura. En el Océano Pacífico a 400 km de la costa, se encuentra Malpelo, pico rocoso de hasta 376 m salió de las montañas volcánicas submarinas, en cuya rica en peces y la fauna en general, ha recibido recientemente la declaración de Patrimonio Natural de la Humanidad por la UNESCO. Esta isla es el hogar de los tiburones ballena y tiburones martillo y otras especies acuáticas. Se llega después de cuarenta horas de travesía y debe permanecer en el barco, durante la visita al Parque (Santuario de Flora y Fauna del Sistema de Parques Naturales), porque no hay instalaciones sobreEl actividad principal es el buceo y la observación de aves marinas que anidan en sus cumbres rocosas. Para la comunidad científica es un verdadero laboratorio, que dio una mejor comprensión de las especies que lo habitan, y participar en programas de investigación y conservación de este océano de esquina. De Colombia Islas del Pacífico es un destino único para el turismo de naturaleza donde la ciencia y el deporte son especializados aventura de explorar y descubrir un mundo casi sin tocar. Ricardo Cifuentes Cuadros Departamento de Turismo Noel Kempff Mercado, Parque Nacional - Bolivia Noel Kempff Mercado, Parque Nacional está ubicado al noreste del Departamento de Santa Cruz en las provincias Velasco e Iténez respectivamente. Limita al este con los estados de Rondonia y Mato Grosso en Brasil, ocupa la región más importante del sistema de escudo precámbrico Caracterizado por altas mesetas y acantilados. Dentro de la zona, las principales cuencas fluviales están formados por los ríos y pauserna Verde, tributarios del río Iténez o Guaporé pertenecientes a la cuenca del Amazonas | ||
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Weather:
Malpelo winds converge in the Northern Hemisphere Alisos the Southern Hemisphere, in what is called the Intertropical Convergence Zone. On the Island condenses moisture from the air and most of the time is covered by dense fog. Are frequent rainfall, except between December and March, which corresponds to the dry period.
Hydrology:
The characteristics of the marine environment are strongly influenced by the patterns of currents running through the area. The region of Malpelo is a confluence of several important currents of the Pacific Rim and the bay of Panama, which has undoubtedly influenced the composition of their particular special marine life.
malpelo...........
see you can not miss one more visit this island of Colom bian Riquesa
A 506 km west of the port of Buenaventura is located one of the most stunning sites, beautiful and diverse of the Pacific Ocean is the island of Malpelo, a living rock of 376 meters in height and 3.5 square miles. Emerge from the depths of the Pacific, accompanied by a set of eleven protruding rocks 10 meters above the sea surface which can be reached only by boat from Buenaventura. Keep in mind that access is allowed only to persons who are in professional dive plan. Malpelo microfauna product of its geographical isolation makes this island a natural laboratory for studying the evolution of species. The island is surrounded by 10 islands spread over an area of 2.5 km, forming a unit which is currently protected as a Wildlife Sanctuary. Numerous scientific expeditions around the world have visited Malpelo during the last hundred years. The most important so far has been carried out by members of the prestigious Smithsonian Institute of America in 1972. On the island inhabited by certain species of land crab. Among birds stand the sand eels and frigates, and between fish hammerhead sharks, spectacular whale shark can grow to up to 15 meters long, the Toll and the devil fish. Abound schools of tuna, jacks, snappers, groupers and grouper. The guano-producing birds is important in the food web of land animals and fish of Malpelo and its islets. The seabed is rich in corals, making this set of islands a haven for diving enthusiasts. "It's like a miracle this virginity of conservation of Malpelo. So far it has been the island of the Colombian geography. The absence of men has led to the non-presence of the missiles on land, so barren and grim, was not attractive to hunters. Malpelo converge in the trade winds in the Northern Hemisphere with the Southern Hemisphere, the call Tropical Convergence Zone. On the island, moist air condenses and the majority of time is covered by dense fog. Are frequent rainfall, except from December to March, relatively dry period. The location of the island, the action of currents and the relative proximity to other islands of the Pacific ocean, make it an area of great interest for understanding the possibility of dispersal of marine species. Malpelo microfauna product of geographic isolation, makes this island a natural laboratory for studying the evolution of species. Malpelo Around emerge a series of rocks, which concentrates on two main groups of rocks are named North and South Rocks. To the south east is from the National Natural Park Gorgona. On the mainland, Malpelo has the closest point to Buenaventura. The Sanctuary is the westernmost part of Colombia in the Pacific, it emerged on the crest of a submarine ridge 4,000 meters deep, the Malpelo Ridge. It is a rocky archipelago consisting of Malpelo Island and ten willing isolated rocks north and south of the island in a shaft length of 2.5 km. The characteristics of the marine environment are strongly influenced by the patterns of currents running through the area. The region of Malpelo is a confluence of several and the bay of Panama, which has undoubtedly influenced the composition of its special natural heritage.
>The location of the island,
the action of currents and the relative proximity to other islands of the Pacific ocean, make it an area of great interest for understanding the possibility of dispersal of marine species. It houses the most important coral formations of the Colombian Pacific, with many associated marine animals such as sea stars (two endemic), angelfish, moray eels, manta rays, whale sharks and schools of hammerhead sharks. The volcanic nature of the archipelago and some erosion has created spectacular underwater landscapes. It is place of nesting seabirds, such as two species of boobies, sea earwigs, and the tropical red beak, and is visited by twelve species. Among terrestrial organisms stand a crab endemic and three species of lizards (two lizards and gecko), two of them probably endemic.
On the island grow ferns, algae and lichens thanks to the geographical position of this island and the distance that separates the continent, Colombia has economic rights on a much larger territorial sea and certain rights over Antarctica. In the Navy exercises Malpelo presence and sovereignty. real flying with the tricolor national pride in these beautiful and paradisiacal waterGorgona Island is located in the Colombian Pacific Ocean. Located on the edge of the continental shelf, rich in corals on the east and the edge of deep ocean depths to the west. This geomorphological feature gives special status to the development of its marine biomes, ecosystems combining surface and coral reefs, with the deep sea. But his wealth was not only found in water is also rich in terrestrial species characteristics of this tropical wet forest, which happen to be curious isolation endemics, as the blue lizard, the spiny rat - species of porcupine - and some bats own the place. It is also habitat for many species of snakes, which can be known and studied science at the headquarters of the park. North of the island of 24 km
. square
, in a rugged area called El Horno, nest varied species of migratory birds and to the east, its tranquil white beaches are visited by dolphins, turtles, porpoises and humpback-humpback whales, which reach their warm waters to mate or give birth to their whales between the months of August and October, providing a scientific and natural observatory of this curious species. Since 1959, the Gorgon was a fearsome prison, which paradoxically kept its prison population in the midst of this natural paradise to the storage of large groups of sharks in these waters. You can visit the old facilities of the prison, although almost completely dismantled, they show the kind of life that could bring criminal as well as witness some graffiti on its walls. The prison island was given to the environmental authorities and in 1985 received the declaration of natural national park, renowned for its great attributes of flora and fauna set for this unit management plan and conservation.
Among its cultural attractions
with the House Payan, scientific headquarters of the island and old building that held their family property since the time of independence. Today the park offers a simple infrastructure consisting of a visitor center with capacity for sixty people, dining area, office and conference room communication-oriented talks eco-park system officials and scientists biologists and ecologists.
The park comprises the main island with a maximum height of 330 m at Cerro La Trinidad, Gorgonilla island, which is smaller, with heights up to 90 m densely inhabited by pelicans, and earwigs and some islands such as The Widow, presence of rock that bears his name since the 1980 earthquake that sank other similar rock formations that accompanied him. The beach Yundigua (Pizarro) is an excellent scenario for scuba diving among coral showing curious and varied species of polyps,
and fish that make a real natural aquarium. The sources of fresh water for many others, are a real privilege for the visitor, because at least twenty five flows pure and crystalline waters are everywhere in the middle of the jungle and found they were not like on land. To reach the island of Gorgona is necessary to embark from Buenaventura, the first port in the Pacific Coast of Colombia, on a journey of ten hours in coasting vessels, crossing and end points as Timbiquí Mulatos, is reached after navigating along 55 miles from the coastline. Can also be reached by speedboat from Buenaventura to four hours away, or from the port of Guapi, travel three hours. To visit the park must have permission of the Administrative Unit of National Parks of the Ministry of Environment,
Housing and Territorial Development, processed from Bogotá or from Cali, near Buenaventura. In the Pacific Ocean 400 km from the coast, is Malpelo, rocky peak of up to 376 m emerged from the underwater volcanic mountains, on whose rich on fish and fauna in general, recently received the declaration of a Natural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. This island is home to whale sharks and hammerhead sharks and other aquatic species. You get there after forty hours of crossing and must remain in the vessels during the visit to the Park (Sanctuary of Flora and Fauna of the Natural Parks System) because there are no facilities forThe main activity here is the diving and observing sea birds that nest in its rocky peaks. For the scientific community is a veritable laboratory, which gave a better understanding of the species that inhabit it, and participate in research programs and conservation of this corner ocean.
The Pacific Island Colombia is a unique destination for nature tourism where science and sport are specialized adventure to explore and discover a world almost untouched. Ricardo Cifuentes Tables Department of Tourism
A 506 km west of the port of Buenaventura is located one of the most stunning sites, beautiful and diverse of the Pacific Ocean is the island of Malpelo, a living rock of 376 meters in height and 3.5 square miles. Emerge from the depths of the Pacific, accompanied by a set of eleven protruding rocks 10 meters above the sea surface which can be reached only by boat from Buenaventura. Keep in mind that access is allowed only to persons who are in professional dive plan. Malpelo microfauna product of its geographical isolation makes this island a natural laboratory for studying the evolution of species. The island is surrounded by 10 islands spread over an area of 2.5 km, forming a unit which is currently protected as a Wildlife Sanctuary. Numerous scientific expeditions around the world have visited Malpelo during the last hundred years. The most important so far has been carried out by members of the prestigious Smithsonian Institute of America in 1972. On the island inhabited by certain species of land crab. Among birds stand the sand eels and frigates, and between fish hammerhead sharks, spectacular whale shark can grow to up to 15 meters long, the Toll and the devil fish. Abound schools of tuna, jacks, snappers, groupers and grouper. The guano-producing birds is important in the food web of land animals and fish of Malpelo and its islets. The seabed is rich in corals, making this set of islands a haven for diving enthusiasts. "It's like a miracle this virginity of conservation of Malpelo. So far it has been the island of the Colombian geography. The absence of men has led to the non-presence of the missiles on land, so barren and grim, was not attractive to hunters. Malpelo converge in the trade winds in the Northern Hemisphere with the Southern Hemisphere, the call Tropical Convergence Zone. On the island, moist air condenses and the majority of time is covered by dense fog. Are frequent rainfall, except from December to March, relatively dry period. The location of the island, the action of currents and the relative proximity to other islands of the Pacific ocean, make it an area of great interest for understanding the possibility of dispersal of marine species. Malpelo microfauna product of geographic isolation, makes this island a natural laboratory for studying the evolution of species. Malpelo Around emerge a series of rocks, which concentrates on two main groups of rocks are named North and South Rocks. To the south east is from the National Natural Park Gorgona. On the mainland, Malpelo has the closest point to Buenaventura. The Sanctuary is the westernmost part of Colombia in the Pacific, it emerged on the crest of a submarine ridge 4,000 meters deep, the Malpelo Ridge. It is a rocky archipelago consisting of Malpelo Island and ten willing isolated rocks north and south of the island in a shaft length of 2.5 km. The characteristics of the marine environment are strongly influenced by the patterns of currents running through the area. The region of Malpelo is a confluence of several and the bay of Panama, which has undoubtedly influenced the composition of its special natural heritage.
>The location of the island,
the action of currents and the relative proximity to other islands of the Pacific ocean, make it an area of great interest for understanding the possibility of dispersal of marine species. It houses the most important coral formations of the Colombian Pacific, with many associated marine animals such as sea stars (two endemic), angelfish, moray eels, manta rays, whale sharks and schools of hammerhead sharks. The volcanic nature of the archipelago and some erosion has created spectacular underwater landscapes. It is place of nesting seabirds, such as two species of boobies, sea earwigs, and the tropical red beak, and is visited by twelve species. Among terrestrial organisms stand a crab endemic and three species of lizards (two lizards and gecko), two of them probably endemic.
On the island grow ferns, algae and lichens thanks to the geographical position of this island and the distance that separates the continent, Colombia has economic rights on a much larger territorial sea and certain rights over Antarctica. In the Navy exercises Malpelo presence and sovereignty. real flying with the tricolor national pride in these beautiful and paradisiacal waterGorgona Island is located in the Colombian Pacific Ocean. Located on the edge of the continental shelf, rich in corals on the east and the edge of deep ocean depths to the west. This geomorphological feature gives special status to the development of its marine biomes, ecosystems combining surface and coral reefs, with the deep sea. But his wealth was not only found in water is also rich in terrestrial species characteristics of this tropical wet forest, which happen to be curious isolation endemics, as the blue lizard, the spiny rat - species of porcupine - and some bats own the place. It is also habitat for many species of snakes, which can be known and studied science at the headquarters of the park. North of the island of 24 km
. square
, in a rugged area called El Horno, nest varied species of migratory birds and to the east, its tranquil white beaches are visited by dolphins, turtles, porpoises and humpback-humpback whales, which reach their warm waters to mate or give birth to their whales between the months of August and October, providing a scientific and natural observatory of this curious species. Since 1959, the Gorgon was a fearsome prison, which paradoxically kept its prison population in the midst of this natural paradise to the storage of large groups of sharks in these waters. You can visit the old facilities of the prison, although almost completely dismantled, they show the kind of life that could bring criminal as well as witness some graffiti on its walls. The prison island was given to the environmental authorities and in 1985 received the declaration of natural national park, renowned for its great attributes of flora and fauna set for this unit management plan and conservation.
Among its cultural attractions
with the House Payan, scientific headquarters of the island and old building that held their family property since the time of independence. Today the park offers a simple infrastructure consisting of a visitor center with capacity for sixty people, dining area, office and conference room communication-oriented talks eco-park system officials and scientists biologists and ecologists.
The park comprises the main island with a maximum height of 330 m at Cerro La Trinidad, Gorgonilla island, which is smaller, with heights up to 90 m densely inhabited by pelicans, and earwigs and some islands such as The Widow, presence of rock that bears his name since the 1980 earthquake that sank other similar rock formations that accompanied him. The beach Yundigua (Pizarro) is an excellent scenario for scuba diving among coral showing curious and varied species of polyps,
and fish that make a real natural aquarium. The sources of fresh water for many others, are a real privilege for the visitor, because at least twenty five flows pure and crystalline waters are everywhere in the middle of the jungle and found they were not like on land. To reach the island of Gorgona is necessary to embark from Buenaventura, the first port in the Pacific Coast of Colombia, on a journey of ten hours in coasting vessels, crossing and end points as Timbiquí Mulatos, is reached after navigating along 55 miles from the coastline. Can also be reached by speedboat from Buenaventura to four hours away, or from the port of Guapi, travel three hours. To visit the park must have permission of the Administrative Unit of National Parks of the Ministry of Environment,
Housing and Territorial Development, processed from Bogotá or from Cali, near Buenaventura. In the Pacific Ocean 400 km from the coast, is Malpelo, rocky peak of up to 376 m emerged from the underwater volcanic mountains, on whose rich on fish and fauna in general, recently received the declaration of a Natural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. This island is home to whale sharks and hammerhead sharks and other aquatic species. You get there after forty hours of crossing and must remain in the vessels during the visit to the Park (Sanctuary of Flora and Fauna of the Natural Parks System) because there are no facilities forThe main activity here is the diving and observing sea birds that nest in its rocky peaks. For the scientific community is a veritable laboratory, which gave a better understanding of the species that inhabit it, and participate in research programs and conservation of this corner ocean.
The Pacific Island Colombia is a unique destination for nature tourism where science and sport are specialized adventure to explore and discover a world almost untouched. Ricardo Cifuentes Tables Department of Tourism
Noel Kempff Mercado National Park - Bolivia The Noel Kempff Mercado National Park is located northeast of Santa Cruz Department in the provinces and Iténez Velasco respectively. It is bordered on the east by the states of Rondonia and Mato Grosso in Brazil, took the most important region of the Precambrian shield system Characterized by high plateaus and cliffs. Inside the area, major river basins are formed by rivers and Pauserna Green, tributaries of the river Guaporé Iténez or Belonging to the Amazon basin |
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